Organic chemistry - Chapter 12: Carboxylic acids - Nam Phan

Nội dung text: Organic chemistry - Chapter 12: Carboxylic acids - Nam Phan

1. Chapter 12: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS C=O C=C SP2 carbon Y=OH 2
2. Some natural occurring acids & derivatives 6
3. From nitriles Have 1 more carbon as compared to the halide 8
4. From aldehydes Aldehydes are generally easier to oxidize than primary alcohols 10
5. REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC Esterification ACIDS reactions 12
6. Intramolecular ester formation: Lactones 14
7. Reactions of esters Ester hydrolysis 16
8. Acyl chloride formation 18
9. Reactions of acyl chlorides 20
10. Amide formation 22
11. Reactions of amides 24
12. The Hell-Vohard-Zelinski reaction Only for α-hydrogens Radical substitution (halogenation) will occurs in the absence of PBr3, P 26
13. LiAlH4 is used to reduce only compounds such as acids, esters, amides that can NOT be reduced by milder agents 30