Organic chemistry - Chapter 10: Alcohols-phenols - Nam Phan

Nội dung text: Organic chemistry - Chapter 10: Alcohols-phenols - Nam Phan

1. Chapter 10: ALCOHOLS-PHENOLS 2
2. PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLS Alcohols from alkenes Markovnikov’s rule H2SO 4, H3PO 4 6
3. Alcohols from alkyl halides Carbocation rearrangements may occur 8
4. Alcohols from carboxylic acids & derivatives Can NOT use NaBH4, H2/Pt, Pd, Ni, Ru for acids 10
5. REACTIONS OF ALCOHOLS Reactions of proton in -OH Can NOT react with NaOH 12
6. isomerization 14
7. Conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides Only in acidic conditions 16
8. PCl3, SOCl2 can also be used NO carbocation formation, NO rearrangement Can NOT work for tertiary alcohols due to steric hindrance18
9. Reaction mechanism: 20
10. Reaction mechanism: Reversible reaction 22
11. Can NOT be isolated PCC: pyridinium chlorochromate 24
12. NOMENCLATURE OF PHENOLS 26
13. REACTIONS OF PHENOLS Halogenation reactions Strong Non-polar solvent activating group Polar solvent NO monobromination 28
14. Friedel- Crafts Alkylation reactions Friedel- Crafts Acylation reactions 30
15. The Kolbe-Schmitt reaction 32
16. Preparation of aryl ethers Can NOT prepare aryl ether directly from the reaction of phenol & alcohol in the presence of acid catalyst 34
17. Reaction mechanism: SN 2 NOTE: 36
18. Polymerization with formaldehyde Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions 38